Born in New Jersey, Fauset was educated in Pennsylvania. He attended the University of Pennsylvania, receiving an A.B. in 1921, an M.A. in anthropology in 1923, and a PhD in Anthropology in 1942.
Fauset published short stories beginning in the 1920s. He also began publishing articles on African American folklore during this period. In 1944, he published a pioneering study of Black religious life in Philadelphia, Black Gods of the Metropolis. He also wrote on African American history, including a biography of Sojourner Truth. Fauset worked in Philadelphia public schools into the 1940s and was active in Civil Rights organizations and labor organizations throughout his life. Fauset's half-sister was the novelist, essayist, and editor Jessie Redmon Fauset (a photograph of her is contained in his papers).
The Fauset papers (Ms. Coll. 1, 32 boxes) contain a small amount of correspondence. Included are drafts of fiction; an unpublished autobiography; essays and lectures; notes; pedagogical materials; and scrapbooks.
Finding aid for the papers of Arthur Huff Fauset, including a more detailed biographical profile.