Berendt-Brinton Linguistic Collection

The Berendt-Brinton Linguistic Collection is an important repository of Indigenous language materials and other documents, primarily from colonial-era Central America.

Collected by Carl Hermann Berendt (1817-1878) in the third quarter of the 19th century, these materials were acquired by Daniel Garrison Brinton (1837-1899) in the fourth quarter of the 19th century and augmented with some additional materials.

This collection formed part of the large library that Brinton assembled for his research. While printed materials from Brinton's personal library are housed as special collections at the Penn Museum Library , the linguistic materials are stored and accessible to researchers at the Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books, and Manuscripts.

Collection Overview

The collection includes original manuscripts, transcriptions of manuscripts, and printed books. Most of the manuscripts are linguistic works such as grammars, vocabularies, and dictionaries. The collection also includes religious and historical works and ethnographic notes about indigenous communities. Also included are 44 printed works, ranging in publication date from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries (most are sources printed in the nineteenth century). Individual records for items in the collection are in the online catalog:

Browse the Berendt-Brinton Linguistic Collection in the online catalog (sorted by date, oldest to newest)

The largest group of collection manuscripts are written in or provide documentation about Mayan languages. Note that the nomenclature and categorization of this diverse group of indigenous languages can be complex, but included are languages historically spoken in areas that now include parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. These include Maya, Cakchikel, Pocomchi, Kekchi, and others. The collection contains multiple manuscript copies of the Chilam Balam, along with related materials.

Materials from central Mexico include texts in Nahuatl and Otomi.

A small number of manuscripts in the collection relate to North America. These include the now-disputed Wallam Olum, a pictographic manuscript of Lenni Lenape (Delaware) history and mythology compiled by Samuel Rafinesque, and a Huron-Latin-French grammar compiled in the early 18th century by Pierre-Philippe Potier.

Most of the Central American manuscript holdings in this collection have been fully digitized.

Browse facsimiles of the Berendt-Brinton Linguistic Collection via Colenda

Carl (or Karl) Herman Berendt (1817-1878) was a doctor and member of the medical faculty at the University of Breslau. After the 1848 revolutions, Berendt traveled to the Americas, undertaking research in natural history, anthropology, and linguistics in Nicaragua and Mexico. Berendt focused his work primarily on Guatemala and the southern Mexico states of Chiapas, Tabasco, and Yucatan. Berendt came to understand the importance of archival documents for researchers of the colonial period and made a significant number transcriptions of early texts, along with acquiring original material.

Daniel Garrison Brinton (1837-1899), a founder of the modern discipline of anthropology, was appointed as the Professor of Archaeology and Linguistics at the University of Pennsylvania. Brinton's papers are held in the Kislak Center and in the Penn Museum Archives.

The core of the Berendt-Brinton Linguistic Collection, approximately 175 items, was owned by Berendt and acquired after his death by Brinton.

Daniel Garrison Brinton, "Memoir of Dr. Karl Hermann Berendt," (Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, April 1884; rep. Worcester, MA: Press of Charles Hamilton, 1884) [available through HathiTrust]
Daniel Garrison Brinton, "Catalogue of the Berendt Linguistic Collection," Bulletin of the Free Museum of Science and Art of the University of Pennsylvania 2, no. 4 (May 1900), 203-234; rep. 1958, Department of Archaeology and Paleontology, University of Pennsylvania. [available through HathiTrust]
John Weeks, "The Daniel Garrison Brinton Collection," in The Penn Library Collections at 250: From Franklin to the Web, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Library, 2000), 165-181.
John Weeks, The Library of Daniel Garrison Brinton (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, 2002), esp. 7-14. [Available for download as a pdf]